![]() ![]() The application of imaging technologies to the study of gait is credited to the work of Muybridge and Marey, who took sequential photographic images of humans and animals in motion to derive quantitative measurements of gait ( Lanska, 2016 Manjila et al., 2015 Braun, 1992). ![]() During the Renaissance, Borelli applied the laws of physics and biomechanics to muscles, tendons, and joints of the entire body to understand gait ( Borelli and Maquet, 2012). Aristotle wrote a philosophical treatise on animal movement and gait using physical and metaphysical principles ( Aristotle, 2004). The ability to measure gait and posture in an accurate and scalable manner enhances the utility of existing models and may also lead to the development of better models of diseases.Īnalysis of human and animal movement, including gait, has a storied past ( Baker, 2007). Mice offer genetically tractable models for mechanistic and interventional studies. Thus, gait and posture integrity reflects proper functioning of many neural systems in humans ( Takakusaki, 2013, 2017). Regions of the brain that directly control movement, such as the cerebellum, motor cortex, and brainstem, respond to cognitive and emotionality cues. This is because proper gait, balance, and posture are under the control of multiple nervous system processes ( Takakusaki, 2013, 2017), which include critical sensory centers that process visual, vestibular, auditory, proprioceptive, and visceral inputs. Many psychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neuromuscular illnesses are associated with alterations in gait and posture ( Verghese et al., 2002 Allan et al., 2005 Licari et al., 2020 Green et al., 2009 Flyckt et al., 1999 Walther and Strik, 2012 Baldaçara et al., 2008 Hausdorff et al., 2004 Scherder et al., 2007 McIntosh et al., 1997). ![]() My idea of the UI implementation is an off/on "Oversampling" button on each equalizer plug-in effect that uses a specific oversampling factor that is just enough to prevent the distortion without introducing excess CPU load.In humans, the ability to quantitate gait and posture at high precision and sensitivity allows the determination of the proper function of numerous neural and muscular systems ( Nutt et al., 1993 Sanders and Gillig, 2010). Using oversampling will prevent this distortion and improve audio quality, particularly at high frequencies. The same filter but at 16000 Hz looks like this: When a band (of any type) in the equalizer gets close to the nyquist frequency, its shape distorts.Ī normal low-pass filter at 1000 Hz looks like this: My idea of the UI implementation is a slider in each of these plug-ins mentioned earlier offering oversampling factors in powers of 2. ![]() Spectrum of the same sound but with 16x oversampling. Spectrum of a heavily waveshaped sine wave. When using any of the effects above on a sound, extra overtones are being added to it, and if these overtones go above the nyquist frequency, aliasing occurs. (1) Waveshapers, distorters, overdrivers, bitcrushers and Lo-fi effects (or anything that generates a lot of overtones). There are 2 types of plug-ins that would benefit from using oversampling (as far as I know). My idea of the UI implementation is radio buttons in the plugin tab of each synthesizer offering oversampling factors in powers of 2. Just play the note C8 on TripleOscillator using a saw wave to hear the aliasing noise. When playing high notes on a synthesizer using a harmonically rich wave like a saw wave, there are probably some frequencies that will go above the nyquist frequency, so aliasing occurs. ![]()
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